BREAKING NEWS:
Colorado smog regulators consider crackdown on oil and gas wells
The Associated Press
DENVER (AP) — Four years after declaring itself cured of smog, Colorado’s most populous region is fighting off a relapse — rising ozone levels blamed on the booming oil and gas industry.
State air regulators meet Sunday to consider a crackdown on the drilling industry, which releases pollutants into the air from tanks that collect liquids and other drilling byproducts. The emissions react with sunlight to form ozone, the main ingredient of smog.
The state faces a July deadline from the federal Environmental Protection Agency to come up with a plan to reduce ozone along the Front Range from Denver’s southern suburbs north into Larimer and Weld counties, where rising demand for energy is driving a big increase in drilling.
The rare Sunday meeting of the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission will consider new rules for the industry. The board also will consider extending some regulation to oil and gas wells elsewhere in the state — the first time such rules would be imposed beyond the Front Range. Changes would be reviewed by the Legislature.
The struggles with ozone come just a few years after the Denver metro area wiped out much of the brown cloud that lay over it during the winter, sometimes obscuring views of the snowcapped Rockies. In 2002, the EPA declared the area in compliance with air quality standards.
“There’s so much riding on this rule-making: people’s health,” said Jeremy Nichols, director of Rocky Mountain Clean Air Action.
Ozone poses significant health risks, especially for young children and people with respiratory problems such as asthma.
The commission held contentious meetings in November, hearing testimony from the industry, environmentalists and western Coloradans who want the state to clamp down on quickly expanding oil and gas operations there.
The EPA has agreed to put off declaring the Front Range and other communities in violation of the Clean Air Act if they meet certain milestones.
But in November, the EPA gave all the areas but the Front Range until April 15, 2008, to do that after getting negative comments from Colorado communities and residents. The nine-county area encompassing the Front Range must meet the goals by July 1, although state officials said that could be extended if the state makes progress by spring.
The oil and gas industry, which is seeing record development rates, contends it is unfairly being singled out. But state officials have said while pollution from vehicles and other sources has decreased, emissions from oil and gas operations in northeastern Colorado have shot up.
Mike Silverstein, manager of planning and policy for the state air pollution control division, said the state has calculated that it must reduce smog-forming emissions from oil and gas wells. Colorado’s agreement with the EPA had envisioned the emissions totaling 146 tons a day by next year, but new projections show them reaching 233 tons.
In an industry-backed compromise, companies would have to reduce overall emissions from tanks that collect liquids and other byproducts by 73.3 percent. The tanks are routinely vented.
Environmentalists prefer the state’s original plan, which would have regulated tanks individually. Nichols of Rocky Mountain Clean Air Action said he could support the compromise if companies are required to cut pollution by at least 77 percent.
Although the rest of the state isn’t under the same pressure to reduce ozone, the air pollution control division wants to cap emissions from oil and gas wells all over to avoid problems. It would be the first time the industry’s emissions would be regulated outside the Front Range, although controls on the tanks wouldn’t be as stringent.
Western Coloradans who spoke during hearings last month said they want regulations as tough as in eastern Colorado. Some of the speakers said residents in Garfield County, a center of natural gas development, are reporting more health problems as drilling has increased.
Ken Wonstolen, senior vice president and general counsel for Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Association trade group, said the statewide proposal for collection tanks would cut emissions by roughly two-thirds. He said the regulations for internal combustion engines and other oil and gas equipment would be the same.
I cannot tell you how long we have waited for this. And even this is focused on Denver and the Front Range. But for Western Colorado just to be mentioned. To be paid any attention to all. We live in a smog-filled haze out here at the Gateway to the Rocky Mountain Wilderness. For years, we have been pleading with State Health Dept regulators to crack down.
At this point, all they have to do is come here and look up, and take a deep breath.
Ah, yes. But is this so-called crackdown anything? Time will tell.
Meanwhile the gas well industry continues to run amuck in western Colorado.
People are suffering.
Both of the following articles appeared in The Paper (Post Independent) on December 3, and since then both articles have been scrubbed from the archives. They also seem to be gradually disappearing from the internets altogether, I could only find one source for each article. So I decided to post both articles in their entirety so they don’t disappear down the memory hole.
I even found a couple versions of these articles edited to make the gas companies seem harmless and cooperative.
‘Collateral damage’
Residents fear murky effects of energy boom
By Judith Kohler
(AP) GRAND JUNCTION, Colo. - Elizabeth “Chris” Mobaldi sits on a couch in her home, explaining why she and her husband packed up and left “their little piece of heaven” in western Colorado.
“I was dying and I thought it was me hout,” Chris Mobaldi says in a halting, strangely accented voice. Steve Mobaldi jumps in to translate for his wife: “She was imagining that the house was killing her.”
Chris Mobaldi is 59, but looks at least 70. In the last decade, she has had two tumors removed from her pituitary gland and endured excruciating pain. The once lively blonde is rail-thin and frail and holds her hands out for balance when she walks.
The Mobaldis believe she suffers from foreign accent syndrome, a rare malady that can result from a stroke or brain injury, though she hasn’t been officially diagnosed with it. The Mobaldis believe her neurological system was damaged by drinking water that may have been contaminated by drilling fluids from wells around their former home about 60 miles to the east in Rifle.
State regulators say tests on the couple’s well water found no evidence of contamination. The Mobaldis are convinced that something happened, and they are suing several companies that worked on three wells near their home.
Other residents near the epicenter of the Rockies’ energy boom are starting to worry about their health, too, and who, exactly, is looking out for them. The federal government leaves much of the regulation up to state officials - and in Colorado, some residents fear there isn’t nearly enough oversight to keep them safe.
“We’re collateral damage out here,” said Bill Solinger, whose family has had respiratory problems, headaches and fatigue since gas drilling exploded in the Rifle area.
Most of the regulation of Colorado’s oil and gas industry falls to the Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, a state agency charged with promoting energy development. The commission has agreements with the state health department to enforce clean-water and hazardous-waste laws, though it has no health experts on staff.
The Oil and Gas Accountability Project in Durango and other groups recently asked the commission and the health department to require detailed disclosure of all chemicals used in oil and gas production, and to require that the effects of the chemicals be monitored.
The health department said it doesn’t have “the resources, capabilities or authority” to demand the information. The commission, meanwhile, said it believes it has the authority but “is not aware of a need for those requirements.”
Yet complaints - from foul odors to bloody noses to fatigue and pain - are increasing in areas around gas wells in Colorado, New Mexico, Alabama and Alberta, Canada, said Lisa Sumi, research director for the accountability project.
“There are little clusters of people getting sick,” Sumi said.
The federal government has exempted oil and gas exploration and production from some clean-water and hazardous-waste laws. Among the exemptions is hydraulic fracturing, which injects water, sand and chemicals underground to break down barriers and help release oil or gas for extraction.
Wes Wilson, an engineer in the Denver office of the Environmental Protection Agency, has publicly disputed a study by the agency that said hydraulic fracturing in coalbed methane gas wells doesn’t endanger drinking water. He contends there is a distinct lack of oversight by the government on potential health issues involving oil and gas.
“Congress gave us broad enough authority to investigate public health concerns. The fact that we’re not is appalling,” said Wilson, with EPA for 34 years.
Ken Wonstolen, general counsel for the Colorado Oil and Gas Association trade group, said federal law gives the public access to information about chemicals the industry uses. He said industry supports monitoring and analysis of the chemicals, but added that he’s not aware of oil and gas workers experiencing the problems described by area residents.
Duh. That’s because gas workers don’t drink water from contaminated wells.
How stupid do they think we are?
Bruce Baizel, staff attorney for the accountability project, said disclosure is required only when large volumes are involved, not individual wells, and companies often claim the information is proprietary.
Brian Macke, the oil and gas commission director, noted that the state fined EnCana Oil & Gas (USA) $371,200 in 2004 after gas leaked into a creek south of Silt and was traced to one of the company’s wells. Some of the money is funding a two-year study of whether gas operations are causing health problems.
“We have a very extensive program for regulating oil and gas,” Macke said. “We’ve very much expanded our requirements for protecting public health, safety and welfare.”
In July, the commission added 11 new positions, six of which will work directly in the field as inspectors.
“For any state agency to receive help with this many more people is a real demonstration of the recognition by everybody that business is booming,” Macke said.
The agency’s policy is to respond within 24 hours to health complaints, Macke said.
In the Mobaldis’ case, he said, staff members talked to the couple and have sampled their well several times since 1997. They have never found evidence of chemicals or gas.
Air quality monitoring by Garfield County, where the Mobaldis used to live, hasn’t turned up toxins at hazardous levels. Jim Rada, head of the county’s environmental health program, said spills or high winds can result in periodic spikes, but so far, readings have been well below levels considered dangerous.
In the face of growing numbers of people with illnesses, this can only mean that the bar has been set too high. There ARE toxins in the air – they just aren’t “considered dangerous.” It’s sickening – literally – how data manipulation and semantics take precedence over peoples’ health and well-being.
Still, Rada said he doesn’t dismiss the health complaints. He said he is frustrated medical experts can’t provide more definitive answers.
“I don’t think there’s been enough research done to show or prove that chronic exposure or sporadic exposure to low levels of those compounds doesn’t cause illness. We don’t have that information,” Rada said.
An official with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment said the explosive energy development is taxing staff.
“We’re all just trying to get a grip on the sheer number of new facilities out there and the impacts,” said Mike Silverstein, manager of planning and policy for the agency’s air pollution control division, which has proposed new statewide pollution standards for the industry.
In the past, well sites likely didn’t get the attention they deserved because they were viewed as minor sources of potential pollution, Silverstein said.
“But now, there are so many of them,” he said.
The Bureau of Land Management expects more than 10,000 new wells to be drilled in western Colorado’s Piceance Basin alone in the next 20 years.
Karen and Tim Trulove weren’t alarmed when an occasional well was punched in the rolling hills around their 40-acre plot near Silt. But the wells have gotten closer, with one now only 200 yards from their house.
“The noise, the dust, the bright lights in our windows all night long - we lived with that for over three years,” Karen Trulove said.
Two years ago, Trulove said, she began getting headaches, nausea, fatigue and dizziness. Last spring, she said, she let her dog out and was hit by “this blast of fumes” from the well behind their house. The next day she was sick.
The Truloves have bought land 30 miles away and plan to move soon from the house they designed and built.
“My life is just over compared to what it used to be,” said Trulove, 51, who used to work in real estate, ran her own framing shop and rode the horses she and her husband raise. “The people who are doing this, the drillers, the companies, are above the law when it comes to drilling for natural gas.”
The Mobaldis are frustrated, too. Steve Mobaldi said doctors have blamed everything from menopause to psychiatric problems for his wife’s illnesses while a few have looked seriously at environmental causes.
“The health department’s turning their backs and closing their eyes and saying, ‘We don’t know anything about it,”‘ he said. “It’s insane.”
Meanwhile The Fox (COGCC) continues to provide a safe haven for the gas well industry, in spite of the ever-increasing evidence and outcry. The Western Colorado Congress, Grand Valley Citizens Alliance, and other groups and individuals have been beating this drum for years.
It’s obvious no one cares.
Neighbors Of Gas Wells Complain Of Health Problems
By Judith Kohler
(AP) DENVER After her work on federal advisory boards and with environmental groups, Colorado native Theo Colborn was looking forward to returning to the small-town pace of Paonia.
But the record energy development occurring about 90 miles north of Colborn’s hometown in western Colorado scuttled any plans she had of slowing down. She and other researchers at the Paonia-based, nonprofit Endocrine Disruption Exchange are poring over scientific journals and scrambling to identify the chemicals used by energy companies to determine if there’s a link between natural gas operations and area residents’ health complaints.
Energy industry officials say they are closely regulated and that much of the information about the chemicals they use is public by law. They also say some of the work they do is so far below the surface that it’s unlikely it could affect people, and they question why energy workers aren’t reporting the same problems.
Colborn, a senior fellow at the World Wildlife Fund, has studied the effects of man-made chemicals on the development of humans and wildlife. She co-wrote the 1996 book “Our Stolen Future: How We are Threatening our Fertility, Intelligence and Survival.”
Now, she’s focused on the oil and gas industry. Colborn said using industry Material Safety Data Sheets, kept at work sites, and information from industry insiders, she and her fellow researchers have identified nearly 220 chemicals used in energy development, some of which she said are known to cause respiratory and neurological problems and gastrointestinal and liver damage.
“It says on the (Material Safety Data Sheets) you should wear a respirator and goggles” around the chemicals, Colborn said. “And people are living near these sites.”
Colborn believes the numerous wastewater pits dotting the rolling hills in Garfield County, heart of northwestern Colorado’s energy boom, are a health hazard. But she acknowledges proving that could be difficult.
One of the problems is that many of the chemicals haven’t been thoroughly tested and no health standards have been established for them, Colborn said.
“And they’ve not been looked at for long-term health effects,” she added.
Which is exactly my point. They say the toxins aren’t considered hazardous. But they haven’t even tested the chemicals or established health standards. So how the hell do they know they’re not dangerous?
They don’t.
Colborn said another challenge is that companies frequently won’t reveal their recipe for hydraulic fracturing, which injects water, sand and chemicals underground to break down barriers and help release oil or gas for extraction.
Federal laws give the public access to information about hazardous chemicals used by companies, said Ken Wonstolen, general counsel for the Colorado Oil and Gas Association trade group. He said the public can also lobby agencies for tougher rules.
Bruce Baizel, staff attorney for the Durango-based Oil and Gas Accountability Project, said his group has run into resistance in getting information about some chemicals. The disclosure requirements apply to larger volumes, which leaves out individual well sites, Baizel said.
The state Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, which has primary oversight of the industry in Colorado, doesn’t require companies to detail the materials they use, said its director, Brian Macke. But he said if the agency got a complaint about alleged contamination, it would insist on knowing what was in the fluids.
Colborn said she believes the warning signs are sufficient to make regulators more proactive. She said she believes chemicals used in drilling and processing likely caused a rare adrenal gland tumor in Laura Amos, who publicly accused Encana Oil & Gas (USA) of contaminating her water well near Silt.
“You can’t say that’s what did it, but it’s certainly raising red flags,” Colborn said.
The Oil and Gas Conservation Commission fined Encana $99,400 because gas was found in the well water. EnCana disputed the commission’s finding, but didn’t fight it. The company bought Amos’ property earlier this year for an undisclosed amount.
Encana spokesman Doug Hock said the company responds to complaints about well water and often finds that the real culprit is the poor quality of the wells and groundwater. He said Encana is confident that hydraulic fracturing, or “frac’ing” (fracking), isn’t contaminating wells.
“The reason is the depth at which we go and the fact that you have a huge amount of rock wall thousands of feet thick between where we’re doing the frac’ing and the aquifer where there would be water,” Hock said.
The contamination of local wells is not necessarily happening during the fracking process. The industry prides themselves in their process of collecting the wastewater from fracking and not letting it spill out onto the ground. Yet those huge collection pools of chemical soup sit around for months on end in the rain and snow, eventually seeping out into the ground water.
Do they think we don’t have eyes? We can see the pools. They’re everywhere. Some are nearly an acre in size. The pools are lined with some type of rubber or vinyl sheets – rather flimsy protection for the environment. It’s easy to see how chemicals could leach from the ponds into the groundwater and also form chemical clouds in the air.
Do they think we have no sense of smell? We can see the chemical separator smokestacks at the well pads. They don’t have any containment devices for the effluents. Our noses tell us what our eyes can’t see.
It’s incredible with the case histories mounting, the irrefutable evidence of health effects, that the energy companies continue to deny and the state does nothing to safeguard clean air and water.
Incredible?
No.
It’s insane.
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